What is Lock Picking? - Okey DoKey Locksmith
Lock picking is a method of opening certain locks by manipulating their internal components without using the original key. Locksmiths may use non-destructive entry techniques during authorized house lockout, business lockout, and other services when a customer cannot access a property.
The term covers several techniques, but not every method of opening a lock is technically lock picking. Locksmiths may also use bypass methods or other forms of entry depending on the lock design. The appropriate approach depends on the type and condition of the lock and whether it can be opened without unnecessary damage.
This page provides a general overview of professional lock picking, common terminology, and the differences between several methods. It is not intended as instructions for defeating locks.
Contents
What Is Lock Picking?
Lock picking is the manipulation of a lock's internal components in an attempt to place the mechanism into an unlocked position without operating it with its normal key.
In locksmith work, non-destructive entry may be preferable when it allows an authorized customer to regain access without drilling or replacing an otherwise functional lock.
There is no single technique that applies to every lock. Different lock designs contain different mechanisms, and their resistance to manipulation varies considerably.
How Does Lock Picking Work?
A mechanical lock is designed so that the correct key places its internal components in the positions necessary to permit the lock to operate. Lock picking attempts to manipulate those components without the original key.
For example, a common pin-tumbler cylinder contains internal pins that interact with the cuts of the correct key. Professional locksmiths may be able to manipulate the mechanism without destroying the cylinder.
The ability to pick a particular lock depends on its design, condition, security features, installation, and the technician's experience. Some locks may be suitable for conventional picking while others require a different authorized-entry method.
Common Lock Picking Methods
Several terms are commonly associated with lock picking. Some describe direct manipulation of individual lock components, while others describe specialized approaches or tools. The following is a general explanation of the terminology rather than step-by-step instructions.
Single-Component Picking
Single-component picking refers to manipulating individual components within a lock rather than attempting to influence several components simultaneously.
With pin-tumbler locks, this concept is commonly known as single-pin picking. It is a controlled method in which the technician evaluates individual components of the locking mechanism.
Raking
Raking is another manipulation technique associated primarily with pin-tumbler locks. Rather than addressing each component individually, a rake-style pick interacts with multiple components of the lock.
Whether this method is effective depends heavily on the lock's design and internal tolerances.
Pick Guns
A lock pick gun is a specialized locksmith tool designed to rapidly influence internal components in certain types of locks.
Manual and electric versions exist, but they are not universal opening tools. Their usefulness depends on the lock mechanism and circumstances.
Bump Keys
Key bumping is a technique associated with certain pin-tumbler cylinders and uses a specially prepared key to interact with the internal pin system.
Bumping is different from conventional picking even though both attempt to manipulate the lock without using its normal operating key. Modern lock designs may incorporate features intended to increase resistance to this and other manipulation techniques.
Tryout Keys
Tryout keys are sets of specially prepared keys associated with particular types of locks. Rather than individually manipulating internal components with a conventional pick, the technique relies on compatible key profiles and variations.
The applicability of tryout keys is limited by the particular lock and key system.
Comb Picks
A comb pick is a specialized tool associated with certain pin-tumbler designs. It relies on characteristics of the particular lock rather than the same manipulation process used in conventional single-component picking.
Many locks are not susceptible to this approach, and lock construction determines whether the technique is applicable.
Lock Picking vs. Lock Bypassing
Although the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, lock picking and bypassing are not necessarily the same thing.
Picking generally involves manipulating the locking mechanism itself. Bypassing attempts to achieve authorized entry by working around some part of the normal locking process instead.
A locksmith may consider different non-destructive approaches before resorting to destructive entry. The objective during a legitimate lockout is generally to restore access while avoiding unnecessary damage whenever practical.
Choosing the Appropriate Entry Method
The appropriate technique depends primarily on the lock rather than a locksmith simply choosing a favorite method. A technician first needs to identify the lock and evaluate the situation.
Factors can include the type of cylinder, internal mechanism, security features, condition of the lock, installation, door hardware, and whether the lock must remain usable after entry.
Not every lock should be picked. In some situations another non-destructive entry method may be more appropriate, while in others the lock may ultimately require drilling, repair, or replacement.
Does Lock Picking Damage a Lock?
One reason locksmiths may attempt picking during an authorized lockout is that it can provide access without destroying the lock. When successfully performed on an appropriate lock, the existing cylinder may remain usable afterward.
That does not mean manipulation can never leave evidence or cause wear. The condition of the lock, tools, technique, and previous damage can all affect the result.
If a lock is already malfunctioning, heavily worn, or damaged, opening the door may only solve the immediate access problem. The lock may still need to be repaired, rekeyed, or replaced.
When Does a Locksmith Pick a Lock?
Lock picking is most relevant when an authorized person needs access and the existing lock is a suitable candidate for non-destructive entry.
A common example is a house lockout where the resident has lost or misplaced the key but the lock itself is functioning normally. Depending on the hardware, a locksmith may attempt to open the door without replacing the lock.
Similar principles can apply to commercial lockouts. Automotive locks use different designs and tools, so a car lockout does not necessarily involve conventional lock picking.
Opening a safe is also a specialized field. Although manipulation can be involved, safe opening and safe cracking can involve very different mechanisms and techniques from picking an ordinary door cylinder.
Lock Picking FAQ
Can every lock be picked?
No. Lock designs and security levels vary significantly, and there is no single picking method that works on every lock. Some locks may require a different authorized-entry technique.
Can a locksmith open a door without changing the lock?
Sometimes. If the existing lock can be opened through an appropriate non-destructive method and is otherwise functioning correctly, replacing it may not be necessary.
Does a locksmith always pick the lock during a lockout?
No. The technician may choose another entry method depending on the lock, door, hardware, and circumstances.
Is lock picking the same as safe cracking?
No. Both involve gaining authorized access without the normal key or combination, but safes can use mechanical combinations, electronic locks, relockers, and other security systems that differ substantially from ordinary door locks.
Should I replace a lock after it has been picked?
Not automatically. If the lock remains in good condition and the existing keys are still secure, replacement may not be necessary. If a key has been lost and could be used by someone else, rekeying the lock or replacing it may be worth considering.
